Determine whether the fundamental group of $\mathbb{R}^3$ with its non-negative half-axes removed is trivial, infinite cyclic, or isomorphic to the figure eight space. I found this answer: Why d
algebraic topology - Fundamental Group of a Space obtained by
Fundamental group - Wikipedia
topology in nLab
Hopf dreams and diagonal harmonics - Bergeron - 2022 - Journal of
Fundamental Concepts of General Topology
Value distribution of exponential polynomials and their role in the theories of complex differential equations and oscillation theory - Heittokangas - 2023 - Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society - Wiley Online Library
general topology - In which of the three topologies does $X$ have
Fundamental Concepts of General Topology
HydraLM/math_dataset_alpaca · Datasets at Hugging Face